Hi,
I love to read historical information and I believe this week is an appropriate time to share what I learned recently. Our pledge to our flag and country endured six small improvements since it was written in 1892 by Francis Bellamy, a Baptist minister. This pledge was formally adopted by Congress in 1942.
As you read this, you may place your right hand over your thankful heart if you so desire.
When I walked outside to take this picture, Craig's bull frog from last week was croaking. Another view from the library window. . .
Official versions (changes in bold italics)
1892 "I pledge allegiance to my flag and the republic for which it stands: one nation indivisible with liberty and justice for all."
1892 to 1923 "I pledge allegiance to my flag and to the republic for which it stands: one nation indivisible with liberty and justice for all."
1923 to 1924 "I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States and to the republic for which it stands: one nation indivisible with liberty and justice for all."
1924 to 1954 "I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the republic for which it stands; one nation indivisible with liberty and justice for all."
1954 to Present "I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the republic for which it stands, one nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all."
There is much to remember about our war for independence from Great Britain. May I tempt you to pick up your old encyclopedia for a refresher course? Did you know small pox and scurvy claimed more lives than the battle with the British?
Enjoy your Fourth of July celebrations and let's never forget the cost of our precious freedoms!
Happy Birthday, Roberta !
Love, Juanita
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